Focused on Mestre Vitalino, the exhibit brought 82 works from the collections of the Museu Casa do Pontal, the Museu Castro Maya, the Museu do Folclore Edison Carneiro and the collection of Paulino Cabral de Mello to public attention. Mestre Vitalino is recognized as the greatest representative of the school of ceramic sculpture that developed in Alto do Moura, in Pernambuco. The fact that ceramic works had never before achieved such a high level of prominence is generally attributed to him.

Curated by Jacques Van de Beuque, the exhibit was the inaugural exibition of a new wing for folk art – the Mário Pedrosa Gallery at the Museu Nacional de Belas Artes. The show was also part of a larger event called "Brazil- Art- Origin" and inspired by the thinking of Pedrosa, who always wanted to bring folk art to the general public. Divided into five segments - Indigenous, African, European, Popular and Unconscious - the exhibition also contained a cultural “wall” of Brazilian art oriented by the Museu das Origens, an incomplete project by Mário Pedrosa, that gathered together the roots of Brazilian art.